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56. What are Digital Footprints?
Ans. Digital footprints are the trail of data we leave behind when we visit any website or use any online
application or portal to fill in data or perform any transaction.
57. Explain Phishing.
Ans. Phishing is the fraudulent attempt to obtain sensitive information such as usernames, passwords and
credit card details, often for malicious reasons, by disguising as a trustworthy entity in an electronic
communication. Phishing is typically carried out by email spoofing or instant messaging. It often directs
users to enter personal information at a fake website, the look and feel of which is identical to the
legitimate one, the only difference being the URL of the website in question.
58. What is Identity Theft?
Ans. Identity theft involves obtaining personal or financial information of another person and using their identity
to commit a fraud, such as making unauthorised transactions or purchases. Identity theft is committed in
many different ways and its victims suffer damage to their reputation as well as financial loss.
59. What is Cyber Stalking?
Ans. Cyber stalking is defined as an unlawful act of harassing a person or collecting an individual’s personal
information using electronic network.
60. What is the importance of Cyber Laws?
Ans. Communication technology uses several means of transferring textual messages, pictures, etc., via
internet. Each time there may be a number of threats on either the sender’s or the receiver’s side
which create a bridge between networking communication. To sort out these problems, cyber laws exist
that cover almost all aspects of transactions and activities on the internet. Cyber laws are used to protect
people from online frauds.
61. Differentiate between lists and series.
Ans. In Python, both lists and series are used to store sequences of data but there are some key differences
between them:
Lists: lists are basic built-in data structures in Python, used to store an ordered sequence of elements. They
can store elements of different data types, including other lists.
Lists are mutable, meaning you can add, remove or change elements in a list.
Series: series is a one-dimensional labelled array in the Pandas library, used for data analysis. Series have
an index associated with each element, which allows for more efficient indexing and data alignment. Series
can store elements of only one data type, whereas lists can store elements of different data types. Series
have built-in methods for handling missing data and performing data operations that are more convenient
and efficient than what is available in lists.
62. Expand the following:
(a) CSV (b) SQL (c) DBMS (d) RDBMS
(e) DDL (f) DML (g) DCL (h) TCL
(i) DQL (j) ARPANET (k) NSFNET (l) ISP
(m) POP (n) NAPs (o) Wi-Fi (p) www
(q) URL (r) VoIP (s) IPR (t) FOSS
Ans. (a) Comma Separated Values (b) Structured Query Language
(c) Database Management System (d) Relational Database Management System
(e) Data Definition Language (f) Data Manipulation Language
(g) Data Control Language (h) Transaction Control Language
(i) Data Query Language (j) Advanced Research Project Agency Network
(k) National Science Foundation Network (l) Internet Service Provider
(m) Point of Presence (n) Network Access Points
(o) Wireless Fidelity (p) World Wide Web
(q) Uniform Resource Locator (r) Voice over Internet Protocol
(s) Intellectual Property Rights (t) Free and Open-Source Software

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